-
1 Hiems
hĭems or hiemps, ĕmis, f. [Gr. chiôn, cheima; Sanscr. himas, snow], the winter, winter time, rainy season (cf.: bruma, solstitium).I.Lit.: aestatem autumnus sequitur, post acer hiemps fit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 Vahl.):B.solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1: crudelis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.);opp. to aestas,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, §§31 and 32: dies primus est veris in Aquario, aestatis in Tauro, autumni in Leone, hiemis in Scorpione,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; cf. id. ap. Col. 11, 2, 84; Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125; 18, 25, 60, § 224 sq.: prodit hiems, sequitur crepitans hanc dentibus algor. Lucr. 5, 747:hanc vim frigorum hiememque, quam nos vix hujus urbis tectis sustinemus, excipere,
Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42:summa,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 32:gravissimā hieme,
Caes. B. C. 3, 8 fin.:jamque hiems appropinquabat,
id. ib. 3, 9, 8:initā hieme,
id. B. G. 3, 7, 1:jam prope hieme confectā,
id. ib. 7, 32, 2: ante exactam hiemem, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:hiems jam praecipitaverat,
id. B. C. 3, 25, 1:modestia hiemis,
Tac. A. 12, 43:bellum difficillimum gessit hieme anni,
in winter time, Suet. Caes. 35:stridebat deformis hiems,
Juv. 4, 58: Arabes campos et montes hieme et aestate peragrantes, winter and summer, i. e. in all seasons, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94.—In plur.:confligunt hiemes aestatibus acres,
Lucr. 6, 373:est ubi plus tepeant hiemes?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 15:informīs hiemes reducit Juppiter, idem Summovet,
id. C. 2, 10, 15; 3, 1, 32:in his locis maturae sunt hiemes,
Caes. B. G. 4, 20, 1; Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:seu plures hiemes, seu tribuit Juppiter ultimam,
years, Hor. C. 1, 11, 4:post certas hiemes,
id. ib. 1, 15, 35; cf.:sic multas hiemes atque octogensima vidit solstitia,
Juv. 4, 92.—Personified: Hiems, Ov. M. 2, 30; 15, 212; 4, 436; Verg. A. 3, 120.—Transf. (mostly poet.).1.Rainy, stormy weather, a storm, tempest:2.imber Noctem hiememque ferens,
Verg. A. 5, 11; cf.:non tam creber agens hiemem ruit aequore turbo,
id. G. 3, 470:Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,
id. A. 9, 671; id. G. 1, 321; Hor. Epod. 2, 52; Ov. M. 11, 490; 521; 13, 709 al.—In plur., Val. Fl. 2, 22; Stat. S. 5, 1, 36.—In prose:maritimos cursus praecludebat hiemis magnitudo,
Cic. Planc. 40 fin.:qui (gubernator) navem ex hieme marique scopuloso servat,
Nep. Att. 10 fin. —In gen., cold, chill; tempest, violence ( poet.):II.sic letalis hiems paulatim in pectora venit,
a deadly chill, Ov. M. 2, 827; cf. Mart. 2, 46, 7:Vesuvinus apex et flammea diri Montis hiems,
the fiery tempest, Stat. S. 3, 5, 72;so of Vesuvius: vix dum ignea montem Torsit hiems,
Val. Fl. 4, 508:instamus jactu telorum et ferrea nimbis Certat hiems,
the iron storm, shower of weapons, Stat. Th. 5, 386.—Trop.1.Cold, storm ( poet.):2.ab illa Pessima (die) mutati coepit amoris hiems,
cold, Ov. H. 5, 34:hiems rerum,
the storm of war, disturbance of war, Claud. B. Get. 151.— -
2 hiems
hĭems or hiemps, ĕmis, f. [Gr. chiôn, cheima; Sanscr. himas, snow], the winter, winter time, rainy season (cf.: bruma, solstitium).I.Lit.: aestatem autumnus sequitur, post acer hiemps fit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 Vahl.):B.solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1: crudelis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.);opp. to aestas,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, §§31 and 32: dies primus est veris in Aquario, aestatis in Tauro, autumni in Leone, hiemis in Scorpione,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; cf. id. ap. Col. 11, 2, 84; Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125; 18, 25, 60, § 224 sq.: prodit hiems, sequitur crepitans hanc dentibus algor. Lucr. 5, 747:hanc vim frigorum hiememque, quam nos vix hujus urbis tectis sustinemus, excipere,
Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42:summa,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 32:gravissimā hieme,
Caes. B. C. 3, 8 fin.:jamque hiems appropinquabat,
id. ib. 3, 9, 8:initā hieme,
id. B. G. 3, 7, 1:jam prope hieme confectā,
id. ib. 7, 32, 2: ante exactam hiemem, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:hiems jam praecipitaverat,
id. B. C. 3, 25, 1:modestia hiemis,
Tac. A. 12, 43:bellum difficillimum gessit hieme anni,
in winter time, Suet. Caes. 35:stridebat deformis hiems,
Juv. 4, 58: Arabes campos et montes hieme et aestate peragrantes, winter and summer, i. e. in all seasons, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94.—In plur.:confligunt hiemes aestatibus acres,
Lucr. 6, 373:est ubi plus tepeant hiemes?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 15:informīs hiemes reducit Juppiter, idem Summovet,
id. C. 2, 10, 15; 3, 1, 32:in his locis maturae sunt hiemes,
Caes. B. G. 4, 20, 1; Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:seu plures hiemes, seu tribuit Juppiter ultimam,
years, Hor. C. 1, 11, 4:post certas hiemes,
id. ib. 1, 15, 35; cf.:sic multas hiemes atque octogensima vidit solstitia,
Juv. 4, 92.—Personified: Hiems, Ov. M. 2, 30; 15, 212; 4, 436; Verg. A. 3, 120.—Transf. (mostly poet.).1.Rainy, stormy weather, a storm, tempest:2.imber Noctem hiememque ferens,
Verg. A. 5, 11; cf.:non tam creber agens hiemem ruit aequore turbo,
id. G. 3, 470:Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,
id. A. 9, 671; id. G. 1, 321; Hor. Epod. 2, 52; Ov. M. 11, 490; 521; 13, 709 al.—In plur., Val. Fl. 2, 22; Stat. S. 5, 1, 36.—In prose:maritimos cursus praecludebat hiemis magnitudo,
Cic. Planc. 40 fin.:qui (gubernator) navem ex hieme marique scopuloso servat,
Nep. Att. 10 fin. —In gen., cold, chill; tempest, violence ( poet.):II.sic letalis hiems paulatim in pectora venit,
a deadly chill, Ov. M. 2, 827; cf. Mart. 2, 46, 7:Vesuvinus apex et flammea diri Montis hiems,
the fiery tempest, Stat. S. 3, 5, 72;so of Vesuvius: vix dum ignea montem Torsit hiems,
Val. Fl. 4, 508:instamus jactu telorum et ferrea nimbis Certat hiems,
the iron storm, shower of weapons, Stat. Th. 5, 386.—Trop.1.Cold, storm ( poet.):2.ab illa Pessima (die) mutati coepit amoris hiems,
cold, Ov. H. 5, 34:hiems rerum,
the storm of war, disturbance of war, Claud. B. Get. 151.— -
3 solvo
solvo, solvī, solūtum, ere (se u. luo), lösen, I) etwas An- od. Zusammengebundenes ab-, auflösen, los-, aufbinden, los-, aufwickeln, A) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: funem a stipite, Ov.: corollas de nostra fronte, Prop. – a corpore brachia od. nexus, Ov.: vinculum epistulae, Curt.: vincla iugis (boum), Tibull.: catenas, Ov.: frenum, Phaedr.: crines, capillos, Tibull., Hor. u.a.: tunicas, Tibull.: zonas, Hor.: nodum, Tibull. – 2) prägn.: a) lebender Wesen Bande lösen, sie losbinden, entfesseln, alqm, Plaut. u. Ter.: equum senescentem, abspannen, Hor.: canem, Phaedr.: leones soluti (Ggstz. alligati), Sen. – b) lebloser Dinge Bande lösen und sie so öffnen, cistulam, Plaut.: epistulam, Cic.: venam cultello, Colum.: ora (den Mund), Ov.: ergastula, Brut. in Cic. ep. u. Caes. – als mediz. t.t., ventrem, alvum, offenen Leib machen, Colum., Cels. u. Plin. – c) als naut. t.t., solvere ancoram od. navem, den befestigten Anker, das am Lande befestigte Schiff lösen, den Anker lichten, absegeln, Cic. u.a.: ebenso solvere oram, Quint., funem, Verg., naviculae funem (Ggstz. praecīdere), Hieron.: funem arenā, Prop.: u. absol., e portu navis solvitur, segelt ab, Plaut.: naves conscenderunt et a terra solverunt, Caes.: Alexandriā, portu solvere (v. den Schiffern), Cic.: naves ex portu solverunt, Caes.
B) übtr.: 1) als kaufm. t.t. = eine Schuld, einen Lohn usw. lösen, abtragen = ab-, be-, auszahlen, a) eig.: α) alqd: decem minas, Plaut.: pecuniam debitam, Cic.: creditas pecunias, Caes.: pretium, Sall. fr.: pretium ex fisco, Eutr.: pro frumento nihil, Cic.: pecunias creditoribus, Plin. ep.: pretium operae praeceptori, Sen.: dotem matri, ICt.: dies solvendae pecuniae, Zahlungstag, Amm. u. ICt. – absol., creditoribus (Dat.), Sen.: qui pro vectura solveret, Cic.: ab alqo, durch jmd. (einen Wechsler usw.), Plaut. u. Cic.: solvendo non erat, war zahlungsunfähig, Cic.; aber auch solvendo aeri alieno non erat, Liv.; u. ad solvendum non esse, Vitr.: in solutum u. pro soluto, als Bezahlung, Sen. u. ICt. – β) solvere alqm, jmd. bezahlen, Plaut.: Passiv solvi = bezahlt werden, ICt. – b) übtr., lösen, abzahlen, abtragen, erweisen, si solveris (ea quae polliceris), Cic.: u. so promissum, Val. Max.: vota, Plaut. u. Cic.: grates alci, Vell. – omnia iusta paterno funeri, Cic.: exsequias rite, Verg.: suprema alci, Tac. – beneficia, vergelten, Cael. in Cic. ep.: fidem, sein Wort lösen, -halten, Ter., Planc. in Cic. ep. u.a. (s. Duker Flor. 1, 1, 12. Krebs-Schmalz Antib.7 unter solvere): capite poenas, mit dem Leben büßen, Sall.: iniuriam magnis poenis, Ov. – 2) von etw. (wie von einer Fessel) lösen, befreien, entbinden (dispensieren), entfesseln, alqm curā et negotio, Cic.: alqm dementiā, Hor.: civitatem, rem publicam religione, Cic. u. Liv.: civitatem voto, Iustin.: alqm legibus, Liv.: per aes et libram heredes testamenti (die Testamentserben), Cic.: ego somno solutus sum, entfesselt, Cic.: nec Rutulos solvo, nehme die R. nicht aus, Verg. – linguam ad iurgia, Ov.: cupiditates, Curt.: numeri lege soluti, fessellose, Hor. carm. 4, 2, 12: ut si solvas (entfesselst = in Prosa auflösest) »post quam Discordia etc.«, Hor. sat. 1, 4, 60.
II) zu einem Ganzen Verbundenes auflösen, A) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: a) im allg.: pontem, abbrechen, Tac.: navim, zerschellen, Ov. – b) insbes., in Flüssigkeit auflösen = schmelzen, nivem, Ov.: silices fornace, Ov.: rigor auri solvitur aestu, Lucr.: solvuntur viscera, gehen in Fäulnis über, Verg. – 2) übtr.: a) Nebeneinandergestelltes, Vereinigtes lösen, trennen, commissas acies, Prop.: agmina diductis choris, Verg.: amicos, Prop. – b) auflösen = erschlaffen, schwächen, senectus corpus solvit, Curt.: homines solverat alta quies, Ov.: solvuntur frigore membra, Verg.: corpus in Venerem, Verg.: vires ipsas specie solvi, Quint.: in otia solvi, Prop.: solvi morte u. bl. solvi, sterben, Ov.: u. so morbo, inediā solvi, Flor. u. Petron.
B) bildl.: 1) auflösend aufheben, a) ein Ende machen, vertreiben, benehmen, obsidionem, Curt.: convivium, Curt.: iniuriam, Sall. fr.: ebrietatem, Cels.: lassitudinem, Plin.: tristes affectus, Quint.: noctem faces multae variaque lumina solvebant, Plin. ep.: Passiv, hiems solvitur, löst sich = vergeht, Hor. – b) der Kraft entbindend auflösen, aufheben = für ungültig erklären, kassieren, brechen, matrimonium, Iustin.: leges, Curt.: traditum a prio ribus morem, Liv.: istum morem, Curt.: foedus, Eutr.: pacem, Eutr.: fidem, Ambros. de off. 3, 10, 69: ipsam fori sanctitatem ludorum talarium licentiā, entweihen, Quint.: solventur risu tabulae, die Gesetzestafeln werden durch G. ihre Kraft verlieren, Hor. – c) etw. aufgeben, sich einer Sache entschlagen, pudorem (das sittliche Bedenken), Verg.: metum corde, Verg. – 2) erklärend lösen, auflösen, enträtseln, aufklären, iuris nodos et legum aenigmata, Iuven.: aenigmata, Quint.: captiosa, Cic.: carmina, Ov.: errorem omnium, Phaedr. – / Perf. soluīt dreisilb., Catull. 2, 13: soluīsse viersilb., Tibull. 4, 5, 16. – parag. Infin. Präs. Pass. solvier, Boëth. cons. phil. 4. metr. 5, 16.
-
4 solvo
solvo, solvī, solūtum, ere (se u. luo), lösen, I) etwas An- od. Zusammengebundenes ab-, auflösen, los-, aufbinden, los-, aufwickeln, A) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: funem a stipite, Ov.: corollas de nostra fronte, Prop. – a corpore brachia od. nexus, Ov.: vinculum epistulae, Curt.: vincla iugis (boum), Tibull.: catenas, Ov.: frenum, Phaedr.: crines, capillos, Tibull., Hor. u.a.: tunicas, Tibull.: zonas, Hor.: nodum, Tibull. – 2) prägn.: a) lebender Wesen Bande lösen, sie losbinden, entfesseln, alqm, Plaut. u. Ter.: equum senescentem, abspannen, Hor.: canem, Phaedr.: leones soluti (Ggstz. alligati), Sen. – b) lebloser Dinge Bande lösen und sie so öffnen, cistulam, Plaut.: epistulam, Cic.: venam cultello, Colum.: ora (den Mund), Ov.: ergastula, Brut. in Cic. ep. u. Caes. – als mediz. t.t., ventrem, alvum, offenen Leib machen, Colum., Cels. u. Plin. – c) als naut. t.t., solvere ancoram od. navem, den befestigten Anker, das am Lande befestigte Schiff lösen, den Anker lichten, absegeln, Cic. u.a.: ebenso solvere oram, Quint., funem, Verg., naviculae funem (Ggstz. praecīdere), Hieron.: funem arenā, Prop.: u. absol., e portu navis solvitur, segelt ab, Plaut.: naves conscenderunt et a terra solverunt, Caes.: Alexandriā, portu solvere (v. den Schiffern), Cic.: naves ex portu solverunt, Caes.B) übtr.: 1) als kaufm. t.t. = eine Schuld, einen————Lohn usw. lösen, abtragen = ab-, be-, auszahlen, a) eig.: α) alqd: decem minas, Plaut.: pecuniam debitam, Cic.: creditas pecunias, Caes.: pretium, Sall. fr.: pretium ex fisco, Eutr.: pro frumento nihil, Cic.: pecunias creditoribus, Plin. ep.: pretium operae praeceptori, Sen.: dotem matri, ICt.: dies solvendae pecuniae, Zahlungstag, Amm. u. ICt. – absol., creditoribus (Dat.), Sen.: qui pro vectura solveret, Cic.: ab alqo, durch jmd. (einen Wechsler usw.), Plaut. u. Cic.: solvendo non erat, war zahlungsunfähig, Cic.; aber auch solvendo aeri alieno non erat, Liv.; u. ad solvendum non esse, Vitr.: in solutum u. pro soluto, als Bezahlung, Sen. u. ICt. – β) solvere alqm, jmd. bezahlen, Plaut.: Passiv solvi = bezahlt werden, ICt. – b) übtr., lösen, abzahlen, abtragen, erweisen, si solveris (ea quae polliceris), Cic.: u. so promissum, Val. Max.: vota, Plaut. u. Cic.: grates alci, Vell. – omnia iusta paterno funeri, Cic.: exsequias rite, Verg.: suprema alci, Tac. – beneficia, vergelten, Cael. in Cic. ep.: fidem, sein Wort lösen, -halten, Ter., Planc. in Cic. ep. u.a. (s. Duker Flor. 1, 1, 12. Krebs-Schmalz Antib.7 unter solvere): capite poenas, mit dem Leben büßen, Sall.: iniuriam magnis poenis, Ov. – 2) von etw. (wie von einer Fessel) lösen, befreien, entbinden (dispensieren), entfesseln, alqm curā et negotio, Cic.: alqm dementiā, Hor.: civitatem, rem publicam religione, Cic. u. Liv.: civitatem voto, Iustin.: alqm————legibus, Liv.: per aes et libram heredes testamenti (die Testamentserben), Cic.: ego somno solutus sum, entfesselt, Cic.: nec Rutulos solvo, nehme die R. nicht aus, Verg. – linguam ad iurgia, Ov.: cupiditates, Curt.: numeri lege soluti, fessellose, Hor. carm. 4, 2, 12: ut si solvas (entfesselst = in Prosa auflösest) »post quam Discordia etc.«, Hor. sat. 1, 4, 60.II) zu einem Ganzen Verbundenes auflösen, A) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: a) im allg.: pontem, abbrechen, Tac.: navim, zerschellen, Ov. – b) insbes., in Flüssigkeit auflösen = schmelzen, nivem, Ov.: silices fornace, Ov.: rigor auri solvitur aestu, Lucr.: solvuntur viscera, gehen in Fäulnis über, Verg. – 2) übtr.: a) Nebeneinandergestelltes, Vereinigtes lösen, trennen, commissas acies, Prop.: agmina diductis choris, Verg.: amicos, Prop. – b) auflösen = erschlaffen, schwächen, senectus corpus solvit, Curt.: homines solverat alta quies, Ov.: solvuntur frigore membra, Verg.: corpus in Venerem, Verg.: vires ipsas specie solvi, Quint.: in otia solvi, Prop.: solvi morte u. bl. solvi, sterben, Ov.: u. so morbo, inediā solvi, Flor. u. Petron.B) bildl.: 1) auflösend aufheben, a) ein Ende machen, vertreiben, benehmen, obsidionem, Curt.: convivium, Curt.: iniuriam, Sall. fr.: ebrietatem, Cels.: lassitudinem, Plin.: tristes affectus, Quint.: noctem faces multae variaque lumina solvebant, Plin. ep.:————Passiv, hiems solvitur, löst sich = vergeht, Hor. – b) der Kraft entbindend auflösen, aufheben = für ungültig erklären, kassieren, brechen, matrimonium, Iustin.: leges, Curt.: traditum a prio ribus morem, Liv.: istum morem, Curt.: foedus, Eutr.: pacem, Eutr.: fidem, Ambros. de off. 3, 10, 69: ipsam fori sanctitatem ludorum talarium licentiā, entweihen, Quint.: solventur risu tabulae, die Gesetzestafeln werden durch G. ihre Kraft verlieren, Hor. – c) etw. aufgeben, sich einer Sache entschlagen, pudorem (das sittliche Bedenken), Verg.: metum corde, Verg. – 2) erklärend lösen, auflösen, enträtseln, aufklären, iuris nodos et legum aenigmata, Iuven.: aenigmata, Quint.: captiosa, Cic.: carmina, Ov.: errorem omnium, Phaedr. – ⇒ Perf. soluīt dreisilb., Catull. 2, 13: soluīsse viersilb., Tibull. 4, 5, 16. – parag. Infin. Präs. Pass. solvier, Boëth. cons. phil. 4. metr. 5, 16. -
5 solvo
solvī (поэт. тж. soluī), solūtum, ere [ se + luo ]1) отвязывать (navem Cs etc., canem Ph; lorum de perā Pt); распрягать ( equum H); вскрывать ( epistulam C); разрывать ( vinculum epistulae QC); расплетать, распускать ( crines H); распускать, расстёгивать ( zonam H); развязывать, распутывать (vinctos C; nodum H, Tib); распоясывать ( tunĭcam Tib); распускать, поднимать ( vela V); снимать ( juga tauris V); раскрывать, расширятьs. artum animum H — развеселиться, по др. расщедритьсяs. versus Q — переложить стихи прозойs., тж. ancoram (или navem) s. C etc. — поднимать якорь, сниматься с якоря, отчаливать (s. e portu Pl; a terrā Cs)2) платить, уплачивать (aes alienum Sl, L; pecuniam credĭtam Cs; mercēdem Pt)s. pro aliquā re C — платить за что-л.s. aliquid ab aliquo Pl, C — распорядиться кому-л. об уплате чего-л.in solutum (pro soluto) Sen, Dig — в уплату3) нести, терпеть, отбывать (poenam C, Sl)4) исполнять, выполнять (vota Pl etc.); соблюдать, держать, сдерживать (fidem Ter etc.)5) отплачивать, возмещать, отблагодарить (s. beneficia Caelius ap. C)6) искупать ( injuriam O)alicui suprēma s. T или exsequias s. V — воздавать кому-л. последние почести8) освобождать (aliquem ab obligatione Dig; militem sacramento Dig); избавлять (aliquem aliquo V; terras perpetuā formidine V; aliquem curā C; luctu V)9) оправдывать, реабилитировать ( aliquem crimine C)10) давать волю, разнуздывать, развязывать (s. cupiditates QC; s. linguam ad jurgia O); поэт. разверзать, открывать ( ōs O); расслаблять (infantiam deliciis Q; alvum CC)s. frontem alicujus Pt — раскроить лоб кому-л.12) расторгать (foedus Eutr; nuptiae divortio solutae Dig)13) рассеивать, разгонять ( faces solvebant noctem PJ)14) растворять, растоплять, плавить ( nives O); распускать (coetum O; convivium O; agmina V); разлучать ( amantes O); закрывать, смыкать ( alicui lumina V)15) med.-pass. solvi размягчаться, оттаивать, таять ( terrae solutae H); разрежаться ( gravitas aĕris solvitur Sen); разлагаться, гнить ( viscera solvuntur V); расслабляться, слабеть, становиться вялым ( membra solvuntur V)solvi in somnos V и solvi somno Ap — погрузиться в сон; ноsomno solutus C — проснувшийся(morte) solvi O — умереть16)а) прекращать, снимать ( obsidionem QC)б) подрывать, разрушать ( imperium L); нарушать ( pacem Eutr); отбрасывать, подавлять ( pudorem V)17) разъяснять, объяснять (carmina O; errorem Ph); решать, разгадывать (aenigma Q, J). — см. тж. solutus -
6 hiemps
hĭems or hiemps, ĕmis, f. [Gr. chiôn, cheima; Sanscr. himas, snow], the winter, winter time, rainy season (cf.: bruma, solstitium).I.Lit.: aestatem autumnus sequitur, post acer hiemps fit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 Vahl.):B.solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1: crudelis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.);opp. to aestas,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, §§31 and 32: dies primus est veris in Aquario, aestatis in Tauro, autumni in Leone, hiemis in Scorpione,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; cf. id. ap. Col. 11, 2, 84; Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125; 18, 25, 60, § 224 sq.: prodit hiems, sequitur crepitans hanc dentibus algor. Lucr. 5, 747:hanc vim frigorum hiememque, quam nos vix hujus urbis tectis sustinemus, excipere,
Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42:summa,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 32:gravissimā hieme,
Caes. B. C. 3, 8 fin.:jamque hiems appropinquabat,
id. ib. 3, 9, 8:initā hieme,
id. B. G. 3, 7, 1:jam prope hieme confectā,
id. ib. 7, 32, 2: ante exactam hiemem, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:hiems jam praecipitaverat,
id. B. C. 3, 25, 1:modestia hiemis,
Tac. A. 12, 43:bellum difficillimum gessit hieme anni,
in winter time, Suet. Caes. 35:stridebat deformis hiems,
Juv. 4, 58: Arabes campos et montes hieme et aestate peragrantes, winter and summer, i. e. in all seasons, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94.—In plur.:confligunt hiemes aestatibus acres,
Lucr. 6, 373:est ubi plus tepeant hiemes?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 15:informīs hiemes reducit Juppiter, idem Summovet,
id. C. 2, 10, 15; 3, 1, 32:in his locis maturae sunt hiemes,
Caes. B. G. 4, 20, 1; Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:seu plures hiemes, seu tribuit Juppiter ultimam,
years, Hor. C. 1, 11, 4:post certas hiemes,
id. ib. 1, 15, 35; cf.:sic multas hiemes atque octogensima vidit solstitia,
Juv. 4, 92.—Personified: Hiems, Ov. M. 2, 30; 15, 212; 4, 436; Verg. A. 3, 120.—Transf. (mostly poet.).1.Rainy, stormy weather, a storm, tempest:2.imber Noctem hiememque ferens,
Verg. A. 5, 11; cf.:non tam creber agens hiemem ruit aequore turbo,
id. G. 3, 470:Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,
id. A. 9, 671; id. G. 1, 321; Hor. Epod. 2, 52; Ov. M. 11, 490; 521; 13, 709 al.—In plur., Val. Fl. 2, 22; Stat. S. 5, 1, 36.—In prose:maritimos cursus praecludebat hiemis magnitudo,
Cic. Planc. 40 fin.:qui (gubernator) navem ex hieme marique scopuloso servat,
Nep. Att. 10 fin. —In gen., cold, chill; tempest, violence ( poet.):II.sic letalis hiems paulatim in pectora venit,
a deadly chill, Ov. M. 2, 827; cf. Mart. 2, 46, 7:Vesuvinus apex et flammea diri Montis hiems,
the fiery tempest, Stat. S. 3, 5, 72;so of Vesuvius: vix dum ignea montem Torsit hiems,
Val. Fl. 4, 508:instamus jactu telorum et ferrea nimbis Certat hiems,
the iron storm, shower of weapons, Stat. Th. 5, 386.—Trop.1.Cold, storm ( poet.):2.ab illa Pessima (die) mutati coepit amoris hiems,
cold, Ov. H. 5, 34:hiems rerum,
the storm of war, disturbance of war, Claud. B. Get. 151.— -
7 solutum
solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:I. A.soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.In a corporeal sense.1.Outwardly, to release.a.From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:b.solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:c.solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:d.Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.(α).With acc. alone:(β).eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—With ab and abl.:(γ).navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—With ex and abl.:(δ).nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—With abl.:(ε).complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—Absol. (sc. navem or naves):(ζ).tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):(η).naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—Poet. usages:e.de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.a.In gen.:b.omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):c.solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—Of woven stuff:d.solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—Of mountains:e.utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—Of the neck:f.soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—Of a comet:g.momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:h.solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;3.post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.(α).Of a change into air or gas:(β).calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—Into a liquid, to melt:(γ).saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—Of putrefaction:(δ).(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—Of change in general:(ε).inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—Of expansion by heat:(ζ). (η).(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—Solvi in, to pass into, become:4.in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—To consume, to destroy, dissolve:B.solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—Trop.1.To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.a.From the body, etc.:b.teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:c.linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—From obligations and debts:d.solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):e.si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —From feelings, etc.:f.quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—From sleep, very rare:g.ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—From labor, business, etc.:h.volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):k.frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—From any cause of restraint.(α).To release from siege:(β).Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —From moral restraints:l.hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—From laws and rules: legibus solvere.(α).To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:(β).Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:2. (α).reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—Of troops, ranks, etc.:(β).ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:(γ).convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:3.(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—Implying a change for the worse.a.To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):b.Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—To make torpid by removing sensation.(α).To relax, benumb the limbs or body;(β).as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—By frost ( poet.):(γ).solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—By sleep ( poet. for sopio):(δ).homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):4.ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,Of logical dissolution, to refute:b.non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:II. A.deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.In a corporeal sense.1.In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;2.post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:3.nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:B.solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.1.Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).a.Of the mouth, etc., to open:b.talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:c.si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—To efface guilt or wrong:d.magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;e.less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:f.atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—Of sleep:g.quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.(α).To raise a siege:(β).solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:(γ).cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:h.quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:2.solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).a.To subvert discipline:b.disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:c.nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:d.segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:e.vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—To delay:f.hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—Of darkness, to dispel:g.lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:h.aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:3.quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.a.To pay.(α).Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:(β).quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:(γ).cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:(δ).postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:(ε).emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:b.aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —To fulfil the duty of burial.(α).Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:(β).qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:c.exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.(α).Alone:(β).vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—With dat.:d.ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:e.fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):A.perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.Lit.1.(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:2.tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;3.postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:B.turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—Trop.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:2.(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:3.quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:4.quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—Free from cares, undistracted:5.animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:6.te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:7.quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:8.cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:9.nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:10.amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—Regardless of rules, careless, loose:11.orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.(α).Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:(β).est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);(γ).in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:(δ).ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:12.soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):13.sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—Undisciplined, disorderly:14.omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—Lax, remiss, weak:C.mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:1.aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.Thinly:2.corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—Of speech, fluently:3. 4.non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—Freely, without restraint:5. 6.generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:7.praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—Weakly, tamely, without vigor:8.quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—Of morals, loosely, without restraint:ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47. -
8 solvo
solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:I. A.soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.In a corporeal sense.1.Outwardly, to release.a.From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:b.solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:c.solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:d.Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.(α).With acc. alone:(β).eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—With ab and abl.:(γ).navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—With ex and abl.:(δ).nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—With abl.:(ε).complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—Absol. (sc. navem or naves):(ζ).tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):(η).naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—Poet. usages:e.de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.a.In gen.:b.omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):c.solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—Of woven stuff:d.solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—Of mountains:e.utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—Of the neck:f.soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—Of a comet:g.momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:h.solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;3.post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.(α).Of a change into air or gas:(β).calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—Into a liquid, to melt:(γ).saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—Of putrefaction:(δ).(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—Of change in general:(ε).inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—Of expansion by heat:(ζ). (η).(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—Solvi in, to pass into, become:4.in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—To consume, to destroy, dissolve:B.solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—Trop.1.To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.a.From the body, etc.:b.teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:c.linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—From obligations and debts:d.solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):e.si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —From feelings, etc.:f.quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—From sleep, very rare:g.ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—From labor, business, etc.:h.volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):k.frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—From any cause of restraint.(α).To release from siege:(β).Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —From moral restraints:l.hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—From laws and rules: legibus solvere.(α).To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:(β).Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:2. (α).reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—Of troops, ranks, etc.:(β).ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:(γ).convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:3.(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—Implying a change for the worse.a.To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):b.Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—To make torpid by removing sensation.(α).To relax, benumb the limbs or body;(β).as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—By frost ( poet.):(γ).solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—By sleep ( poet. for sopio):(δ).homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):4.ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,Of logical dissolution, to refute:b.non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:II. A.deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.In a corporeal sense.1.In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;2.post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:3.nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:B.solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.1.Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).a.Of the mouth, etc., to open:b.talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:c.si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—To efface guilt or wrong:d.magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;e.less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:f.atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—Of sleep:g.quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.(α).To raise a siege:(β).solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:(γ).cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:h.quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:2.solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).a.To subvert discipline:b.disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:c.nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:d.segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:e.vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—To delay:f.hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—Of darkness, to dispel:g.lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:h.aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:3.quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.a.To pay.(α).Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:(β).quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:(γ).cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:(δ).postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:(ε).emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:b.aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —To fulfil the duty of burial.(α).Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:(β).qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:c.exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.(α).Alone:(β).vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—With dat.:d.ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:e.fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):A.perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.Lit.1.(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:2.tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;3.postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:B.turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—Trop.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:2.(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:3.quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:4.quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—Free from cares, undistracted:5.animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:6.te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:7.quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:8.cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:9.nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:10.amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—Regardless of rules, careless, loose:11.orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.(α).Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:(β).est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);(γ).in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:(δ).ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:12.soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):13.sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—Undisciplined, disorderly:14.omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—Lax, remiss, weak:C.mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:1.aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.Thinly:2.corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—Of speech, fluently:3. 4.non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—Freely, without restraint:5. 6.generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:7.praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—Weakly, tamely, without vigor:8.quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—Of morals, loosely, without restraint:ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47. -
9 gratus
[st1]1 [-] grātus, a, um: a - qui a de la grâce, gracieux, agréable, charmant, aimable, délicieux. - grata Venus, Hor.: la gracieuse Vénus. - solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni, Hor. O. 1: l'âpre hiver s'adoucit à l'agréable retour du printemps et du Favonius. - ego gratiora dictu alia esse scio, Liv. 3: je sais qu'il y a d'autres choses plus agréables à dire. - gratum id multitudini spectaculum fuit, submissa sibi esse imperii insignia, Liv. 2: ce fut un spectacle bien doux pour la multitude de voir qu'on abaissait les insignes du pouvoir devant elle. - gratus locus, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 46: charmant endroit. b - agréable, bienvenu, qui reçoit bon accueil. - nihil erat quod aut patri gratius aut sibi jucundius facere posset, Cic. Amer 51: il ne pouvait rien faire qui fût ou plus agréable à son père ou plus attrayant pour lui-même. - (amor tuus mihi est) gratus et optatus, dicerem jucundus nisi... Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: (ce témoignage de ton amitié) est le bienvenu et comble mes voeux, je dirais qu'il me cause du plaisir, si [ce mot n'était à jamais perdu pour moi]. - aliquid gratum acceptumque habere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 45: tenir une chose pour agréable et bien venue. - homines immolare diis immortalibus gratissimum esse duxerunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 15: ils crurent que les sacrifices humains étaient très agréables aux dieux. - eoque erat cujusque gratior in re publica virtus, quod... Cic. Rep. 2, 59: et les vertus politiques de chacun trouvaient d'autant meilleur accueil que... - gratum est quod volunt, Cic. Br. 68: applaudissons à leur intention. - gratus conviva, Hor. S. 2, 2, 119: convive bienvenu. - gratus Alexandro regi fuit Choerilus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 232: Choerilus trouva bon accueil auprès du roi Alexandre. - classis non amicorum, sed gratorum, Suet. Tib. 46: la classe non des amis, mais des bienvenus. c - accepté avec reconnaissance, accueilli avec faveur, cher, précieux, dont on a de la gratitude. - ista veritas, etiam si jucunda non est, mihi tamen grata est, Cic. Att. 3, 24, 2: cette vérité, même si elle n'est pas attrayante, ne laisse pas de m'être précieuse. - ejus officia jucundiora saepe mihi fuerunt, numquam tamen gratiora, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1: ses services m'ont souvent causé plus de plaisir, mais jamais ils ne m'ont été plus chers. - quae omnia mihi jucunda, hoc extremum etiam gratum fuit, Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 1: tous ces renseignements m'ont causé du plaisir, le dernier, je l'ai même reçu avec gratitude. - facere alicui gratum, gratissimum, pergratum: faire plaisir à qqn (le plus grand, un très grand plaisir), obliger qqn beaucoup. - ferrum, auro etiam gratius inter bella, Plin.: le fer, encore plus en faveur que l'or dans les combats. - sedere in his scholis gratius erat quam ire per solitudines, Plin. 26: il était plus agréable de s'asseoir sur les bancs d'une école que de parcourir les lieux déserts. - feceris, si de re publica quid sentias explicaris, nobis gratum omnibus, Cic. Rep. 1: tu nous feras plaisir à tous en nous expliquant ce que tu penses de la république. - Hephaestio gratissimus sibi, V.-Max: Héphestion, son favori. - grata in vulgus lex, Cic.: loi appréciée du peuple. - hedera est gratissima Baccho, Ov. F. 3: le lierre est l'arbre favori de Bacchus. - multitudini gratior fuit quam patribus, Liv. 1: il fut plus cher au peuple qu'aux sénateurs. d - reconnaissant. - gratissimus hominum, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1: le plus reconnaissant des hommes. --- cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 49 ; Fam. 10, 19, 1, etc. - gratum se praebere alicui, Cic. Planc. 91: se montrer reconnaissant à qqn. - gratus erga aliquem, Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2, etc.: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus in aliquem, Cic. Planc. 77: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus in aliquo, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 3: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus pro aliqua re, Sall. H. 2, 47, 5: reconnaissant pour qqch. - grato animo, Cic. Br. 5: avec reconnaissance. - gratissimo animo, gratissimis animis [pluralité] Cic. Sull. 72; Phil. 4, 3: avec la plus grande reconnaissance. - gratissima memoria omnium civium, Cic. Phil. 10, 7: le souvenir si reconnaissant de tous les citoyens. - grata manu, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 23: d'une main reconnaissante. e - accueilli avec reconnaissance, qui mérite de la reconnaissance. - gratum facere alicui: faire plaisir à qqn. - gratissimum facere alicui: faire très grand plaisir à qqn. - filiola tua gratum mihi fecit quod tibi diligenter mandavit ut mihi salutem adscriberes, Cic. Att. 6: ta chère petite fille m'a fait plaisir: elle t'a vivement recommandé de me saluer de sa part. - si eum interfecerit, multis sese nobilibus gratum esse facturum, Caes. BG. 1 (sub. inf.): s’il le tue, il fera plaisir à bien des nobles. - per... gratus (avec tmèse) = pergratus. - quod ad me scribis, per mihi gratum est: je suis ravi de ce que tu m'écris. - opinione tua gratius est mihi, Cic.: cela m'est plus agréable que tu ne le penses. - id mihi gratius est quam quidquam: cela m'est plus agréable que quoi que ce soit. [st1]2 [-] Grātus, i, m.: surnom romain. --- Tac. An. 15, 50.* * *[st1]1 [-] grātus, a, um: a - qui a de la grâce, gracieux, agréable, charmant, aimable, délicieux. - grata Venus, Hor.: la gracieuse Vénus. - solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni, Hor. O. 1: l'âpre hiver s'adoucit à l'agréable retour du printemps et du Favonius. - ego gratiora dictu alia esse scio, Liv. 3: je sais qu'il y a d'autres choses plus agréables à dire. - gratum id multitudini spectaculum fuit, submissa sibi esse imperii insignia, Liv. 2: ce fut un spectacle bien doux pour la multitude de voir qu'on abaissait les insignes du pouvoir devant elle. - gratus locus, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 46: charmant endroit. b - agréable, bienvenu, qui reçoit bon accueil. - nihil erat quod aut patri gratius aut sibi jucundius facere posset, Cic. Amer 51: il ne pouvait rien faire qui fût ou plus agréable à son père ou plus attrayant pour lui-même. - (amor tuus mihi est) gratus et optatus, dicerem jucundus nisi... Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: (ce témoignage de ton amitié) est le bienvenu et comble mes voeux, je dirais qu'il me cause du plaisir, si [ce mot n'était à jamais perdu pour moi]. - aliquid gratum acceptumque habere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 45: tenir une chose pour agréable et bien venue. - homines immolare diis immortalibus gratissimum esse duxerunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 15: ils crurent que les sacrifices humains étaient très agréables aux dieux. - eoque erat cujusque gratior in re publica virtus, quod... Cic. Rep. 2, 59: et les vertus politiques de chacun trouvaient d'autant meilleur accueil que... - gratum est quod volunt, Cic. Br. 68: applaudissons à leur intention. - gratus conviva, Hor. S. 2, 2, 119: convive bienvenu. - gratus Alexandro regi fuit Choerilus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 232: Choerilus trouva bon accueil auprès du roi Alexandre. - classis non amicorum, sed gratorum, Suet. Tib. 46: la classe non des amis, mais des bienvenus. c - accepté avec reconnaissance, accueilli avec faveur, cher, précieux, dont on a de la gratitude. - ista veritas, etiam si jucunda non est, mihi tamen grata est, Cic. Att. 3, 24, 2: cette vérité, même si elle n'est pas attrayante, ne laisse pas de m'être précieuse. - ejus officia jucundiora saepe mihi fuerunt, numquam tamen gratiora, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1: ses services m'ont souvent causé plus de plaisir, mais jamais ils ne m'ont été plus chers. - quae omnia mihi jucunda, hoc extremum etiam gratum fuit, Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 1: tous ces renseignements m'ont causé du plaisir, le dernier, je l'ai même reçu avec gratitude. - facere alicui gratum, gratissimum, pergratum: faire plaisir à qqn (le plus grand, un très grand plaisir), obliger qqn beaucoup. - ferrum, auro etiam gratius inter bella, Plin.: le fer, encore plus en faveur que l'or dans les combats. - sedere in his scholis gratius erat quam ire per solitudines, Plin. 26: il était plus agréable de s'asseoir sur les bancs d'une école que de parcourir les lieux déserts. - feceris, si de re publica quid sentias explicaris, nobis gratum omnibus, Cic. Rep. 1: tu nous feras plaisir à tous en nous expliquant ce que tu penses de la république. - Hephaestio gratissimus sibi, V.-Max: Héphestion, son favori. - grata in vulgus lex, Cic.: loi appréciée du peuple. - hedera est gratissima Baccho, Ov. F. 3: le lierre est l'arbre favori de Bacchus. - multitudini gratior fuit quam patribus, Liv. 1: il fut plus cher au peuple qu'aux sénateurs. d - reconnaissant. - gratissimus hominum, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1: le plus reconnaissant des hommes. --- cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 49 ; Fam. 10, 19, 1, etc. - gratum se praebere alicui, Cic. Planc. 91: se montrer reconnaissant à qqn. - gratus erga aliquem, Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2, etc.: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus in aliquem, Cic. Planc. 77: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus in aliquo, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 3: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus pro aliqua re, Sall. H. 2, 47, 5: reconnaissant pour qqch. - grato animo, Cic. Br. 5: avec reconnaissance. - gratissimo animo, gratissimis animis [pluralité] Cic. Sull. 72; Phil. 4, 3: avec la plus grande reconnaissance. - gratissima memoria omnium civium, Cic. Phil. 10, 7: le souvenir si reconnaissant de tous les citoyens. - grata manu, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 23: d'une main reconnaissante. e - accueilli avec reconnaissance, qui mérite de la reconnaissance. - gratum facere alicui: faire plaisir à qqn. - gratissimum facere alicui: faire très grand plaisir à qqn. - filiola tua gratum mihi fecit quod tibi diligenter mandavit ut mihi salutem adscriberes, Cic. Att. 6: ta chère petite fille m'a fait plaisir: elle t'a vivement recommandé de me saluer de sa part. - si eum interfecerit, multis sese nobilibus gratum esse facturum, Caes. BG. 1 (sub. inf.): s’il le tue, il fera plaisir à bien des nobles. - per... gratus (avec tmèse) = pergratus. - quod ad me scribis, per mihi gratum est: je suis ravi de ce que tu m'écris. - opinione tua gratius est mihi, Cic.: cela m'est plus agréable que tu ne le penses. - id mihi gratius est quam quidquam: cela m'est plus agréable que quoi que ce soit. [st1]2 [-] Grātus, i, m.: surnom romain. --- Tac. An. 15, 50.* * *Gratus, Adiectiuum. Terent. Bien recongnoissant le plaisir qu'on luy a faict, et qui en scait gré.\Gratus erga aliquem. Plin. Recongnoissant le plaisir qu'il a receu de luy.\Gratus. Cic. Aggreable, Qui nous aggree.\In vulgus gratus. Tacit. Aggreable au commun, au peuple.\Gratum odore iucundo ladanum. Plin. Plaisant pour la doulce odeur et senteur qu'il ha.\Gratum in cibo. Plin. Savoureux, De plaisant manger.\Si hunc iuueris, gratissimum mihi feceris. Cic. Tu feras chose à moy fort aggreable, Cela m'aggreera fort. -
10 acer
1.ăcer, ĕris, n. [kindred with Germ. Ahorn] (f. Serv. ap. Prisc. p. 698 P.), the maple-tree, Plin. 16, 15, 26, § 66 sq.—II.Transf., the wood of the maple-tree, maplewood, used, on account of its hardness and firmness, for writing-tablets, Plin. 33, 11, 52, § 146; Ov. Am. 1, 11, 28.2.ācer, cris, cre, adj. (m. acris, Enn.; f. acer, Naev. and Enn.; acrus, a um, Pall.; Veg.; cf. Charis. 63 and 93 P.) [cf. akis, akôn, akmê, akros, ôkus, oxus; Sanscr. acan = dart, acus = swift; Germ. Ecke; Engl. edge, to egg; and with change of quantity, ăcus, acuo, ăceo, ăcies, ăcerbus], sharp, pointed, piercing, and the like.I.Prop., of the senses and things affecting them, sharp, dazzling, stinging, pungent, fine, piercing:a.praestans valetudine, viribus, formā, acerrimis integerrimisque sensibus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45. So,Of the sight:b.acerrimus sensus videndi,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357:acres oculi,
id. Planc. 27:splendor,
Lucr. 4, 304:quidam colores ruboris acerrimi,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 14 al. —Of the hearing:c.voce increpet acri?
Lucr. 3, 953:aurium mensura, quod est acrius judicium et certius,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47:acrem flammae sonitum,
Verg. G. 4, 409:acri tibiā,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 1.—Of smell, Lucr. 4, 122:d.exstinctum lumen acri nidore offendit nares,
id. 6, 792; cf. ib. 1216:unguentis minus diu delectemur summa et acerrima suavitate conditis, quam his moderatis,
Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99:odor,
Plin. 12, 17, 40.—Of taste: ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Var. ap. Non. 201, 13:e.acres humores,
sharp juices, Cic. N. D. 2, 23:lactuca innatat acri stomacho,
an acid stomach, Hor. S. 2, 4, 59; cf. ib. 2, 8, 7:dulcibus cibis acres acutosque miscere,
Plin. Ep. 7, 3 al. —Of sensation in its widest extent: aestatem auctumnus sequitur, post acer hiems fit, sharp, severe, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 ed. Vahl.—cf. Lucr. 3, 20; 4, 261); and so Hor.: solvitur acris hiems, C. 1. 4, 1. —B.Of the internal states of the human system, violent, sharp, severe, gnawing:II.fames, Naev. ap. Prisc. l. l. (B. Punic. p. 18 ed. Vahl.): somnus, Enn. ap. Prisc. l. l. (Ann. v. 369): morbus,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 119:dolor,
Lucr. 6, 650:sitis,
Tib. 1, 3, 77 al.Of the states of mind: violent, vehement, passionate, consuming: mors amici subigit, quae mihi est senium multo acerrimum, Att. ap. Non. 2, 22:B.acri ira percitus,
Lucr. 5, 400: cf. 3, 312;6, 754 (on the contrary, 5, 1194: iras acerbas): acres curae,
Lucr. 3, 463, and Var. ap. Non. 241:luctus,
ib. 87:dolor,
Verg. A. 7, 291:metus,
Lucr. 6, 1211; Verg. A. 1, 362:amor,
Tib. 2, 6, 15:acrior ad Venerem cupido,
Curt. 6, 5 al. (Among unpleasant sensations, acer designates a piercing, wounding by sharpness; but acerbus the rough, harsh, repugnant, repulsive.)—Applied to the intellectual qualities, subtle, acute, penetrating, sagacious, shrewd:C.acrem irritat virtutem animi,
Lucr. 1, 70:acri judicio perpende,
id. 2, 1041:memoria,
strong, retentive, Cic. de Or. 2, 87:vir acri ingenio,
id. Or. 5; cf. id. Sest. 20 al. —Applied to moral qualities.1.In a good sense, active, ardent, eager, spirited, brave, zealous:2.milites,
Cic. Cat. 2, 10:civis acerrimus,
an ardent patriot, id. Fam. 10, 28:defensor,
id. ib. 1, 1:studio acriore esse,
id. de Or. 1, 21:jam tum acer curas venientem extendit in annum rusticus,
Verg. G. 2, 405 al. —In a bad sense, violent, hasty, hot, passionate, fierce, severe (very freq.):D.uxor acerrima,
enraged, angry, Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 56; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 32:dominos acres,
Lucr. 6, 63; Nep. Tim. 3, 5; cf. Bremi Nep. Eum. 11, 1. Also, of animals, Lucr. 4, 421; 5, 860; Verg. A. 4, 156; Hor. Epod. 12, 6; 2, 31; Nep. Eum. 11, 1. —Of abstract things (mostly poet.), Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 32:egestas,
Lucr. 3, 65:poenas,
id. 6, 72:impetus,
ib. 128; 392:acerrimum bellum,
Cic. Balb. 6:nox acerrima atque acerbissima,
id. Sull. 18:acrius supplicium,
id. Cat. 1, 1; in Quint.: acres syllabae, which proceed from short to long, 9, 4.—Acer is constr. with abl., and also (esp. in the histt. of the silv. age) with gen., Vell. 1, 13; Tac. H. 2, 5 al.; cf. Ramsh. § 107, 6 note. With in, Cic. Fam. 8, 15; with inf., Sil. 3, 338.— Adv.: ācrĭter, sharply, strongly, vehemently, eagerly, zealously, etc., in all the signif. of the adj., Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 110; id. Ps. 1, 3, 39; Lucr. 6, 783; Cic. Tusc. 1, 30 al.— Comp., Lucr. 3, 54; 5, 1147; Hor. S. 2, 3, 92; Tac. A. 6, 45; 13, 3.— Sup., Cic. Fl. 11; id. Fam. 10, 28; 15, 4.—Also, ācre, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 132, 25; App. M. 10, 32; and perh. Pers. 4, 34. -
11 vicis
(gen.) (acc. em, abl. e; pl. nom. и acc. ēs, dat. и abl. ĭbus; остальные падежи неупотр.) f.1) смена, перемена, следование, чередованиеvices loquendi Q — разговор, беседа, диалогvices vitae Ap — сменяющие друг друга периоды жизни, этапы существованияnumerorum vices Ap — чередования чисел; т. е. разные числовые комбинацииvices mutare H (peragere O) — претерпевать изменения, (из)меняться, чередоватьсяnox perăgit vicem O — ночь сменяет (день), т. е. наступает ночьalternā vice Col, PM, PJ (alternis vicibus Sen, PJ) или per (in T, O) vices O, PM или vicibus factis O — посменно, по очереди, попеременно, в свою очередь, чередуясь(suis) vicibus PM etc. — в определённой последовательности, определённым образом чередуясьversā vice и vice versā SenT, AG, Just etc. — наоборот2) превратность судьбы, судьба, удел, участь, pl. превратности, опасностиvice fortunarum humanarum commoveri L — быть поражённым превратностью (неустойчивостью) человеческой судьбыhabet has vices condicio mortalium PJ — таковы превратности условий жизни человека3) место, пост(suc)cedere in vicem L или accedere ad vicem alicujus C — вступать на чьё-л. место, замещать кого-л.vicem alicujus rei praestare O или obtinere Q — служить вместо чего-л. или занимать чьё-л. место4) задание, обязанность, функция, служба, рольsacra regiae vicis deserere L — пренебрегать обрядами, выполнение которых было возложено на царейvice alicujus fungi PJ — выполнять чью-л. роль, делать чьё-л. дело5) возмещение, воздаяние, отплата ( alicujus rei L); возмездие ( injuriae T)reddĭtā alicui vice Pt — отплатив кому-л. ( за обиду)plus vice simplici H — больше, чем простая отплатаreddere vicem merĭtis O — отблагодарить за услуги. — см. vicem и invicem -
12 vicis
vicis (als Genet.; Nom. kommt nicht vor), vicem, vice; Plur. vicēs (Nom. u. Akk.) u. vicibus (Dat. u. Abl.), f. (vgl. ahd. wëhsal, Wechsel, Austausch), der Wechsel, die Abwechselung, Wechselseitigkeit, I) eig.: A) im allg.: 1) übh.: vice fortunarum humanarum, Liv.: mutuā vice, Colum.: versā vice, umgekehrt, Sen. poët., Iustin, u.a.: hāc vice sermonum, Wechselgespräch, Verg.: solvitur acris hiems gratā vice veris et favoni, Hor.: deus haec fortasse benignā reducet in sedem vice, Hor.: nox peragit vicem, vollbringt den Wechsel, d.i. wechselt mit dem Tage, Ov. – Plur., gratae divitibas vices, Hor.: et interrogandi se ipsum et respondendi sibi solent esse non ingratae vices, Quint.: lectionis taedium vicibus levatur, Quint.: habet has vices condicio mortalium, Plin.: per vices annorum, ein Jahr um das andere, Plin.: mutat terra vices, erneut den Wechsel, wechselt mit neuen Gestalten, Hor.: peragere vices, Wechsel erleiden, Ov.: cur vicibus factis convivia ineant, abwechselnd, Ov. – 2) adv., a) per vices, abwechselnd, clamare, Ov.: subire, Plin. – b) in vicem (in einem Worte invicem), seltener bl. vicem, in vices, zur-, in Abwechselung, abwechselnd, wechselweise, einer um den anderen, gegenseitig, α) in vicem: hi rursus in vicem anno post in armis sunt, Caes.: missis in vicem earum (legionum) quinque milibus sociorum, Liv.: multis in vicem casibus victi victoresque, Liv.: inque vicem tua me, te mea forma capit, Ov. – β) vicem: ut unus fasces haberet et hoc insigne regium suam cuiusque vicem per omnes iret, Liv. 3, 36, 3. – γ) in vices: agri pro numero cultorum ab universis in vices occupantur, Tac.: inque vices illum tectos qui laesit amores, laedit amore pari, Ov.: inque vices equitant, Iuven.
B) insbes.: 1) die Entgegnung, Erwiderung, Gegenleistung, der Gegendienst, die Vergeltung (griech). ἀμοιβή, ἀντίποινα), recito... vicem officii praesentis, Cic.: tanto proclivius est iniuriae quam officio civem exsolvere, Tac.: redde vicem meritis, Ov.: referre vicem, Gleiches mit Gleichem vergelten, Ov. u.a.: so auch reddere vicem, Plin. ep. u. Treb. Poll. – Plur., qui magis vices exigat, Plin. pan.: multarum miseras exiget una vices, Prop.: sequenti redde vices, Ov.: vices superbae te maneant ipsum, Vergeltung des Übermutes (= die der Üb. über dich bringt), Hor. – bes. im Acc. u. Abl. bei Adjj. der Gemütsbewegung, sollicitus meam vicem, Liv.: solliciti vicem imperatoris, Liv.: anxius od. maestus suam vicem, Liv. u. Curt.: exanimes vice unius, Liv.: vice eorum sollicitus, Curt. Vgl. Fabri u. Weißenb. Liv. 21, 34, 5. Mützell Curt. 7, 11 (43), 20. – 2) der Wechsel des Schicksals, das Schicksal, Los, vicem suam conquestus est, Suet.: tacite gementes tristem fortunae vicem, Phaedr.: convertere humanam vicem, Hor. – 3) der Wechsel des Kampfes, die Kampfgefahr, der Kampf, vicis meritique labore aequato, Sil. – Plur., vitare vices Danaûm, Verg.
II) übtr., die Seite, der Platz, die Stelle, Rolle, das Geschäft, Amt, a) übh.: heredum causa iustissima est; nulla est enim persona, quae ad vicem eius, qui e vita emigrarit, propius accedat, Cic.: fungi vice suā (lovis) erga omne humanum genus, seine Stelle (als Regierer der Welt) vertreten, Plin. pan.: fungi cotis vice, Hor.: ne sacra regiae vicis desererentur, Liv.: vestram meamque vicem explete, Tac.: vicem aerarii praestare, die Stelle des Är. vertreten, Sall. fr.: ut assuetam fortius praestes vicem (Amt), Phaedr.: adverbiorum obtinere vicem, Quint. – Plur., quando divisae professionum vices essent, Quint. – b) adv., vicem, vice, in vicem, ad vicem, anstatt, für, wegen, nach Art von, gleich wie, α) vicem (s. Brix Plaut. capt. 394): male occĭdo eri vicem meamque, Plaut.: in qua re tuam vicem saepe doleo, Cic.: et nostram et illorum vicem, Plaut.: ne nostram vicem irascaris, Liv.: cogor vestram omnium vicem unus consulere, für euch alle allein zu sorgen, Liv.: Sardanapali vicem in suo lectulo mori, wie Sardanapal, Cic.: ceteri vicem pecorum obtruncabantur, Sall. fr. – β) vice: in pane salis vice utuntur nitro, Plin.: temonis vice trahitur, Plin.: quaeque dixerat, oracli vice accipiens, wie ein O., Tac.: diebus ac noctibus vice mundi circumagi, Suet.: moveri periclitantium vice, Quint.: vice pecorum interficiuntur, Dict. – γ) in vicem: defatigatis in vicem integri succedunt, an ihre Stelle, Caes.: potest malleolus protinus in vicem viviradicis conseri, Colum. – δ) ad vicem: ad tegularum imbricumque vicem, Plin.: ad parentum vicem, gleich den Eltern, Gell.: ad vicem obsidis teneri, Aur. Vict.
-
13 vicis
vicis (als Genet.; Nom. kommt nicht vor), vicem, vice; Plur. vicēs (Nom. u. Akk.) u. vicibus (Dat. u. Abl.), f. (vgl. ahd. wëhsal, Wechsel, Austausch), der Wechsel, die Abwechselung, Wechselseitigkeit, I) eig.: A) im allg.: 1) übh.: vice fortunarum humanarum, Liv.: mutuā vice, Colum.: versā vice, umgekehrt, Sen. poët., Iustin, u.a.: hāc vice sermonum, Wechselgespräch, Verg.: solvitur acris hiems gratā vice veris et favoni, Hor.: deus haec fortasse benignā reducet in sedem vice, Hor.: nox peragit vicem, vollbringt den Wechsel, d.i. wechselt mit dem Tage, Ov. – Plur., gratae divitibas vices, Hor.: et interrogandi se ipsum et respondendi sibi solent esse non ingratae vices, Quint.: lectionis taedium vicibus levatur, Quint.: habet has vices condicio mortalium, Plin.: per vices annorum, ein Jahr um das andere, Plin.: mutat terra vices, erneut den Wechsel, wechselt mit neuen Gestalten, Hor.: peragere vices, Wechsel erleiden, Ov.: cur vicibus factis convivia ineant, abwechselnd, Ov. – 2) adv., a) per vices, abwechselnd, clamare, Ov.: subire, Plin. – b) in vicem (in einem Worte invicem), seltener bl. vicem, in vices, zur-, in Abwechselung, abwechselnd, wechselweise, einer um den anderen, gegenseitig, α) in vicem: hi rursus in vicem anno post in armis sunt, Caes.: missis in vicem earum (legionum) quinque milibus sociorum, Liv.: multis in————vicem casibus victi victoresque, Liv.: inque vicem tua me, te mea forma capit, Ov. – β) vicem: ut unus fasces haberet et hoc insigne regium suam cuiusque vicem per omnes iret, Liv. 3, 36, 3. – γ) in vices: agri pro numero cultorum ab universis in vices occupantur, Tac.: inque vices illum tectos qui laesit amores, laedit amore pari, Ov.: inque vices equitant, Iuven.B) insbes.: 1) die Entgegnung, Erwiderung, Gegenleistung, der Gegendienst, die Vergeltung (griech). ἀμοιβή, ἀντίποινα), recito... vicem officii praesentis, Cic.: tanto proclivius est iniuriae quam officio civem exsolvere, Tac.: redde vicem meritis, Ov.: referre vicem, Gleiches mit Gleichem vergelten, Ov. u.a.: so auch reddere vicem, Plin. ep. u. Treb. Poll. – Plur., qui magis vices exigat, Plin. pan.: multarum miseras exiget una vices, Prop.: sequenti redde vices, Ov.: vices superbae te maneant ipsum, Vergeltung des Übermutes (= die der Üb. über dich bringt), Hor. – bes. im Acc. u. Abl. bei Adjj. der Gemütsbewegung, sollicitus meam vicem, Liv.: solliciti vicem imperatoris, Liv.: anxius od. maestus suam vicem, Liv. u. Curt.: exanimes vice unius, Liv.: vice eorum sollicitus, Curt. Vgl. Fabri u. Weißenb. Liv. 21, 34, 5. Mützell Curt. 7, 11 (43), 20. – 2) der Wechsel des Schicksals, das Schicksal, Los, vicem suam conquestus est, Suet.: tacite gementes tristem fortunae vicem, Phaedr.: convertere humanam vicem, Hor. – 3) der————Wechsel des Kampfes, die Kampfgefahr, der Kampf, vicis meritique labore aequato, Sil. – Plur., vitare vices Danaûm, Verg.II) übtr., die Seite, der Platz, die Stelle, Rolle, das Geschäft, Amt, a) übh.: heredum causa iustissima est; nulla est enim persona, quae ad vicem eius, qui e vita emigrarit, propius accedat, Cic.: fungi vice suā (lovis) erga omne humanum genus, seine Stelle (als Regierer der Welt) vertreten, Plin. pan.: fungi cotis vice, Hor.: ne sacra regiae vicis desererentur, Liv.: vestram meamque vicem explete, Tac.: vicem aerarii praestare, die Stelle des Är. vertreten, Sall. fr.: ut assuetam fortius praestes vicem (Amt), Phaedr.: adverbiorum obtinere vicem, Quint. – Plur., quando divisae professionum vices essent, Quint. – b) adv., vicem, vice, in vicem, ad vicem, anstatt, für, wegen, nach Art von, gleich wie, α) vicem (s. Brix Plaut. capt. 394): male occĭdo eri vicem meamque, Plaut.: in qua re tuam vicem saepe doleo, Cic.: et nostram et illorum vicem, Plaut.: ne nostram vicem irascaris, Liv.: cogor vestram omnium vicem unus consulere, für euch alle allein zu sorgen, Liv.: Sardanapali vicem in suo lectulo mori, wie Sardanapal, Cic.: ceteri vicem pecorum obtruncabantur, Sall. fr. – β) vice: in pane salis vice utuntur nitro, Plin.: temonis vice trahitur, Plin.: quaeque dixerat, oracli vice accipiens, wie ein O., Tac.: diebus ac noctibus vice mundi circumagi,————Suet.: moveri periclitantium vice, Quint.: vice pecorum interficiuntur, Dict. – γ) in vicem: defatigatis in vicem integri succedunt, an ihre Stelle, Caes.: potest malleolus protinus in vicem viviradicis conseri, Colum. – δ) ad vicem: ad tegularum imbricumque vicem, Plin.: ad parentum vicem, gleich den Eltern, Gell.: ad vicem obsidis teneri, Aur. Vict. -
14 (vicis)
(vicis) only gen. vicis, acc. vicem, abl. vice, plur nom. vicēs, acc. vicīs or vicēs, dat. and abl. vicibus, f [3 VIC-], change, interchange, alternation, succession, vicissitude: Hac vice sermonum, conversation, V.: vice sermonis, O.: Solvitur hiems gratā vice veris et Favoni, H.: commoti Patres vice fortunarum humanarum, L.: Dum Nox vicem peragit, i. e. alternates with day, O.: Plerumque gratae divitibus vices, H.: haec quas vices peragant docebo, what vicissitudes, O.: Mutat terra vices, renews her changes, H.: Per vicīs, alternately, O.: agri in vices occupantur, Ta.: vicibus factis inire convivia, by turns, O.— Acc adverb.: suam cuiusque vicem, in each one's turn, L.: cum suam vicem functus officio sit, in his turn, L.—A return, requital, equivalent, recompense, remuneration, retaliation: Redde vicem meritis, O.: arces Deiecit plus vice simplici, H.—A lot, fate, hap, condition, fortune, misfortune: et meam et aliorum vicem pertimescere: indignando vicem eius, L.: Convertere humanam vicem, H.: vices superbae, H. —A position, place, room, stead, post, office, duty, part: ad vicem eius, qui e vitā emigrarit, accedere: succedens in vicem imperii tui, L.: fungar vice cotis, H.: sacra regiae vicis, i. e. of the royal office, L.: missis in vicem eorum quinque milibus sociorum, L.—Acc., with a gen. or pers. pron., in the place of, instead of, on account of, for, for the sake of: tuam vicem sacpe doleo: remittimus hoc tibi, ne nostram vicem irascaris, L.: rex, vicem eorum quos miserat, etc., Cu.: Sardanapali vicem in suo lectulo mori, i. e. like.—Abl., instead of, for, on account of: exanimes vice unius, L. -
15 vicis
vĭcis (as a gen.; the nom. does not occur), vicem, vice; in plur., vices (nom. and acc.) and vicibus (dat. and abl.), f. [cf. Gr. eikô, to yield; root Wik-; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 135], change, interchange, alternation, alternate or reciprocal succession, vicissitude (the gen. not ante-Aug.; the other cases class.).I.Lit.A.In gen. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; for which, in class. prose, vicissitudo).(α).Sing.: ignotus juvenum coetus alternā vice Inibat alacris, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P. (Trag. v. 151 Vahl.):(β).hac vice sermonum,
conversation, Verg. A. 6, 535:vice sermonis,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 79; cf. in the foll. b:deus haec fortasse benigna Reducet in sedem vice,
Hor. Epod. 13, 8:solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
id. C. 1, 4, 1:commoti Patres vice fortunarum humanarum,
Liv. 7, 31, 6: dum Nox vicem peragit, performs the exchange, i. e. alternales with day, Ov. M. 4, 218:ridica contingens vitem mutuā vice sustinetur et sustinet,
Col. 4, 16:versā vice,
reversely, Dig. 43, 29, 3; App. Dogm. Plat. p. 32, 6; id. Flor. p. 363; Just. 6, 5, 11 al.—Plur.:2.plerumque gratae divitibus vices Mundaeque parvo sub Lare pauperum Cenae,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 13:et interrogandi se ipsum et respondendi sibi solent esse non ingratae vices,
Quint. 9, 2, 14:loquendi,
id. 6, 4, 11; Ov. P. 2, 10, 35:ipsius lectionis taedium vicibus levatur,
Quint. 1, 12, 4:habet has vices condicio mortalium, ut adversa ex secundis, ex adversis secunda nascantur,
Plin. Pan. 5 fin.:spatium diei noctis excipiunt vices,
Phaedr. 2, 8, 10:haec quoque non perstant... Quasque vices peragant... docebo,
what vicissitudes they undergo, Ov. M. 15, 238:mutat terra vices,
renews her changes, Hor. C. 4, 7, 3:perque vicis modo Persephone! modo Filia! clamat,
alternately, Ov. F. 4, 483; so,per vicis,
id. M. 4, 40; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23:per vices annorum,
i. e. every other year, id. 12, 14, 30, § 54:cur vicibus factis convivia ineant,
alternately, by turns, Ov. F. 4, 353.—Adverb.: in vicem (also freq. one word, invĭcem; and less freq. vicem, in vices, or per vices), by turns, alternately, one after the other, mutually, reciprocally.a.In vicem: bibenda aqua: postero die etiam vinum: deinde in vicem alternis diebus modo aqua modo vinum, Cels. 3, 2 med.:b.reliqui, qui domi manserunt, se atque alios alunt: hi rursus in vicem anno post in armis sunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 1:propter vicinitatem simul eramus invicem,
Cic. Att. 5, 10, 5; Quint. 11, 3, 168:multis invicem casibus victi victoresque,
Liv. 2, 44, 12:non comisantium in vicem more jam diu vivimus inter nos,
id. 40, 9, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.:in vicem inter se gratantes,
id. 9, 43, 17:inque vicem tua me, te mea forma capit,
Ov. H. 17, 180; id. M. 6, 631; 8, 473; Verg. G. 3, 188; Hor. S. 1, 3, 141 al.—Vicem:c.ut unus fasces haberet, et hoc insigne regium suam cujusque vicem, per omnes iret,
Liv. 3, 36, 3; cf. id. 1, 9, 15.—In vices ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):d.inque vices illum tectos qui laesit amores, Laedit amore pari,
Ov. M. 4, 191; 12, 161; Tac. G. 26 Halm.—Per vices (post-Aug. and very rare):B.quod ipsum imperari per vices optimum est,
Quint. 2, 4, 6 Halm.—In partic.1.A time, turn (late Lat.; cf. Orell. ad Hor. C. 4, 14, 13):2.ager tertiā vice arabitur,
Pall. 10, 1:tribus per diem vicibus,
id. 1, 3 fin.; cf.:tesserulas in medium vice suā quisque jaciebamus,
Gell. 18, 13, 1:vice quādam,
once, Sid. Ep. 7, 1; Aus. Pan. Grat. Aug. 4.—Reciprocal behavior or conduct, i. e. return, requital, reciprocal service, recompense, remuneration, retaliation (rare but class.):3.recito praedicationem amplissimi beneficii, vicem officii praesentis,
Cic. Sest. 4, 10:tanto proclivius est injuriae quam beneficio vicem exsolvere,
Tac. H. 4, 3; Prop. 1, 13, 10:redde vicem meritis,
Ov. Am. 1, 6, 23:non poteris ipsa referre vicem,
id. A. A. 1, 370; cf.:dejecit acer plus vice simplici (i. e. non tantam solum cladem illis intulit quantam ipsi dederant, sed duplum, Schol.),
Hor. C. 4, 14, 13 Orell. ad loc.— Plur.:spernentem sperne, sequenti Redde vices,
Ov. M. 14, 36:neque est ullus affectus... qui magis vices exigat,
Plin. Pan. 85, 3.—The changes of fate, fate, hap, lot, condition, fortune, misfortune:II.mihi uni necesse erit et meam et aliorum vicem pertimescere?
Cic. Dom. 4, 8:indignando et ipse vicem ejus,
Liv. 40, 23, 1:tacite gementes tristem fortunae vicem,
Phaedr. 5, 1, 6; cf.:vicem suam conquestus est,
Suet. Aug. 66:convertere humanam vicem,
Hor. Epod. 5, 88:publicā vice commoveri,
Quint. 11, 1, 42; cf. id. 4, 1, 33.— Plur.:fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 32:testor in occasu vestro nec tela nec ullas Vitavisse vices Danaūm,
dangers, contests, Verg. A. 2, 433.—Transf., the position, place, room, stead, post, office, duty of one person or thing as assumed by another (the usual signif. of the word):2.heredum causa justissima est: nulla est enim persona, quae ad vicem ejus, qui e vitā emigrarit, propius accedat,
Cic. Leg. 2, 19, 48:ego succedens in vicem imperii tui,
Liv. 38, 48, 7:ipse in locum vicemque consulis provolat,
id. 3, 18, 9:postquam (Juppiter) te dedit, qui erga omne humanum genus vice suā fungereris,
stand in the place of, represent, Plin. Pan. 80, 6:fungar vice cotis,
Hor. A. P. 304:per speciem alienae fungendae vicis opes suas firmavit,
Liv. 1, 41, 6:ne sacra regiae vicis desererentur,
id. 1, 20, 2:vestramque meamque vicem explete,
Tac. A. 4, 8 fin.:cujus... ego vicem debeo inplere,
Plin. Ep. 6, 6, 6:(Manus) adverbiorum atque pronominum obtinent vicem,
Quint. 11, 3, 87:in ordine vicis suae,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 8.— Plur.: non ad suum pertinere officium rati, quando divisae professionum vices essent, Quint. Inst. prooem. § 4.—Adverb.a.Vicem, with the gen. or a pers. pron., in the place of, instead of, on account of, for, for the sake of:(β).eri vicem meamque,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 11:qui hodie sese excruciari meam vicem possit pati,
id. Most. 2, 1, 8; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 24:vos respondetote istinc istarum vicem,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 34:tuam vicem saepe doleo,
Cic. Fam. 12, 23, 3:suam vicem indignantem magistratu abisse,
Liv. 2, 31, 11: remittimus hoc tibi, ne nostram vicem irascaris. id. 34, 32, 6:sollicito consuli... eorum vicem quos, etc.,
id. 44, 3, 5:rex, vicem eorum quos ad tam manifestum periculum miserat,
Curt. 7, 11, 20:maestus non suam vicem, sed propter, etc.,
id. 7, 2, 5: cum Pompeius aedem Victoriae dedicaturus foret, cujus gradus vicem theatri essent, Tiro Tull. ap. [p. 1987] Gell. 10, 1, 7:quoniam res familiaris obsidis vicem esse apud rempublicam videbatur,
Gell. 16, 10, 11.—Sometimes in a more general sense, after the manner of, like:b.Sardanapali vicem in suo lectulo mori,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 7: ceteri vicem pecorum obtruncabantur, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 497, 26; cf. the foll.—Vice, instead of, for, on account of:(β).in pane salis vice utuntur nitro,
Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 115:temonis vice trahitur,
Col. 6, 2, 7:murum urbi cocto latere circumdedit, harenae vice bitumine interstrato,
Just. 1, 2, 7:exanimes vice unius,
Liv. 1, 25, 6:senatus vice populi,
Just. Inst. 1, 2, 5.—In a more general sense (cf. the preced. numbers), after the manner of, like:c.jactari se passa fluctu algae vice,
Plin. 9, 45, 68, § 147:moveri periclitantium vice possumus,
Quint. 6, 2, 35:diebus ac noctibus vice mundi circumagi,
Suet. Ner. 31:quaeque dixerat, oracli vice accipiens,
Tac. A. 6, 21 fin.:ut deorum vice mortuos honorarent,
like gods, Lact. 4, 28 fin.:vice navium,
App. de Deo Socr. p. 47, 22:vice pecudum occidi,
Lact. 5, 10, 6:vice imbellium proculcati,
Dict. Cret. 3, 24.—In vicem, instead of, for, in place of:d.potest malleolus protinus in vicem viviradicis conseri,
Col. 3, 14, 3:defatigatis in vicem integri succedunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 85:in omnium vicem regni unius insatiabilis amor Successit,
Liv. 40, 8, 18:missis in vicem eorum quinque milibus sociorum,
id. 31, 11, 3; Col. 5, 6, 1; so dat. vici, Quint. Decl. 6, 4.—Ad vicem, instead of, for:(β).ad tegularum et imbricum vicem,
Plin. 36, 22, 44, § 159:ad vicem solis cinis calidus subjectus,
Pall. 4, 10 fin.; 3, 28;very rarely, ad invicem,
Veg. Vet. 2, 7 fin. —In a more general sense (cf. in the preced. numbers a. and b.), after the manner of, like:majores natu a majoribus colebantur ad deum prope ad parentum vicem,
Gell. 2, 15, 1.
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